A step-by-step guide to applying for Medicaid in 2025. Learn what documents you need, how long it takes, and the easiest ways to get enrolled.
How to Apply for Medicaid
Applying for Medicaid is free, and most people can complete the process online in under 30 minutes. Here's exactly how to do it.
Step 1: Check Your Eligibility
Before you apply, get a sense of whether you're likely to qualify. The main factors are:
- Your state — Rules vary significantly
- Household size — Everyone living with you and sharing finances
- Income — Your monthly household income before taxes
- Immigration status — Citizenship or qualified immigration status is required for most programs (though some states cover more)
You can check your eligibility in 60 seconds using our free quiz.
Step 2: Gather Your Documents
You'll need the following to complete your Medicaid application:
Identity documents:
- Social Security number (for each household member applying)
- Driver's license, state ID, or passport
Proof of income:
- Recent pay stubs (last 30 days)
- Most recent tax return
- Award letters for Social Security, unemployment, or other benefits
- Self-employment records if applicable
Proof of residency:
- Utility bill, lease agreement, or bank statement showing your address
Immigration documents (if applicable):
- Green card, visa, or other immigration documents
Step 3: Choose How to Apply
You have several options:
Online (fastest):
Most states have online portals where you can apply in one sitting. You can also apply at Healthcare.gov, which will screen you for both Medicaid and marketplace coverage.
By phone:
Call your state's Medicaid agency or 1-800-318-2596 (the federal marketplace number) to apply over the phone with assistance.
In person:
Visit your local Department of Social Services or community health center. Staff can help you complete the application.
Through an enrollment specialist (recommended):
A licensed enrollment specialist can walk you through the entire process for free, help you gather documents, and follow up on your application status. This is often the easiest option, especially if your situation is complex.
Step 4: Submit Your Application
When submitting, double-check:
- All names match your ID documents exactly
- Social Security numbers are correct
- Income is reported accurately (overreporting can disqualify you; underreporting can cause problems later)
- All household members who need coverage are included
Step 5: Wait for a Decision
Processing times vary by state:
- Most applications: 45 days
- Disability-related applications: Up to 90 days
- Pregnant women and children: Often faster, sometimes same-day
During this time, your state may request additional documentation. Respond promptly to avoid delays.
Step 6: Receive Your Medicaid Card
Once approved, you'll receive a Medicaid card in the mail. In many states, you'll also be asked to choose a managed care plan (a health plan that manages your Medicaid benefits).
What If You're Denied?
If your application is denied, you have the right to appeal. The denial notice will explain why you were denied and how to request a hearing. Common reasons for denial include:
- Income too high
- Missing documentation
- Residency requirements not met
- Immigration status issues
An enrollment specialist can help you understand the denial and whether an appeal is worth pursuing.
The Bottom Line
Applying for Medicaid is straightforward when you know the steps. The most common mistake is waiting too long — if you're uninsured and think you might qualify, apply now. Coverage can be retroactive in some cases.